Akwai wani nau'in ƙarfe wanda yake mai sihiri ne. A rayuwa ta yau da kullun, ya bayyana a cikin fim kamar yadda Mercury. Idan ka sauke shi a kan wani, za ka yi mamakin gano cewa kwalbar ta zama mai rauni a matsayin takarda, kuma zai karye da kawai poke. Bugu da kari, faduwa da shi a kan seadal kamar torsu da baƙin ƙarfe kuma suna haifar da wannan yanayin, wanda za'a iya kiran shi da "mai ƙwararren karfe". Me ke haifar da samun irin waɗannan halaye? A yau za mu shiga duniyar gallium na ƙarfe.
1, wane abu neƙarfe gallacin ƙarfe
Esctionar Gallium tana cikin shekaru na huɗu na IIIA a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci na abubuwa. Motar melting na gallium na ƙasa ne sosai, kawai 29.78 ℃, amma yanayin tafasasshen yana da girma kamar 2204.8 ℃. A lokacin rani, mafi yawansu suna wanzuwa azaman ruwa kuma ana iya narke idan an sanya shi a cikin dabino. Daga kayan da ke sama, zamu iya fahimtar wannan gallay na iya lalata wasu metals daidai saboda melting maki. Liquid gallium siffofin allures tare da sauran karafa, wanda shine sabon salon sihiri da aka ambata a baya. Abun ciki a cikin guragu shine kusan 0.001%, kuma kasancewar sa ba a gano ba har zuwa shekaru 140 da suka wuce. A cikin 1871, Mendeleleev ya taƙaita tebur na abubuwa da aka annabta da aka annabta cewa bayan aluminum, wanda yake da kayan lambu iri ɗaya kuma ana kiran su "aluminium kamar kashi". A cikin 1875, lokacin da masanin kimiyyar Faransa Bowaborland ya sami mahimmancin jerin abubuwan da ke tattare da abubuwan da ya faru a tarihinsa (Znu), don haka gallium ya zama kashi na farko a cikin tarihin abubuwan sunadarai. A cikin gwaje-gwajen.
Ana rarraba Gallium a China, Jamus, Faransa, Australia, Kazakhstan da sauran ƙasashe a duniya, wanda aka ba da shi a Shanxi, Guizhou, Yunnxi da sauran wurare [1]. Dangane da nau'in rarraba, Shanxi, Shandong da sauran wuraren suna zama a cikin Bauxite, Yunnan da sauran wurare suna wanzu a cikin Sporite. A farkon gano Gallium Karfe, saboda karancin bincike mai dacewa akan aikace-aikacen sa, mutane koyaushe sun yi imanin cewa ƙarfe ne da ƙarancin amfani. Koyaya, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaban fasahar bayanai da kuma zamanin sabon makamashi da kuma babban fasaha, ƙarfe na gall, kuma ana buƙatar ƙaruwa sosai.
2, filayen aikace-aikacen gallon ƙarfe
1. Filin semiconductor
Ana amfani da gallium a fagen kayan semiconduttor na semiconditicor, tare da kayan da ake amfani da shi da yawa ana amfani da shi kuma fasaha tana da girma. A matsayin jigilar bayanan da aka watsa, kayan kayan semicondikt don 80% zuwa 85% na yawan amfani da gallium, galibi ana amfani da shi a mara waya. Arshary Arsenide Power Qlifiers na iya haɓaka saurin watsa sadarwa zuwa sau 100 na cibiyoyin sadarwa, wanda zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shigar da zamanin 5g. Haka kuma, za'a iya amfani da gallium a matsayin matsakaici mai zafi na zafi a aikace-aikacen semicontortor saboda halaye na zamani, melting maki, melty Points, da kuma kyakkyawan aiki. Yin amfani da ƙarfe na galliyy a cikin nau'i na gallium tushen tushen da aka sarrafa kansa na iya inganta iyawar zafi da ingancin abubuwan lantarki.
2. Sel na hasken rana
Ci gaban sel na hasken rana ya tafi daga farkon monocrystalline sel zuwa polycrystalline silicon na bakin ruwa. Saboda babban farashi na Polycrystalline sel na bakin ciki, masu bincike sun gano karfe fim na selenium (cigs) a cikin kayan semiconducts [3]. Sques Sellan suna da fa'idodi na ƙananan farashin farashin samarwa, babban tsari na tsari, da kuma yawan canzawa na hoto, don haka samun kyakkyawan ci gaba mai gudana. Abu na biyu, gallium arsende hasken rana suna da babban fa'idodi a cikin canjin canzawa idan idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin fim na bakin ciki da aka yi da wasu kayan. Koyaya, saboda babban samar da Arsenide kayan abu, a yanzu akayi amfani da su a cikin Aerospace da filayen sojoji.
3. Makamashin Hydrogen
Tare da ƙara wayar da kantar rikicin makamashi a duk faɗin duniya, mutane suna neman maye gurbin hanyoyin da ba a iya sabunta su ba, wanda makamashin hydrogen ya fito fili. Koyaya, babban farashi da ƙarancin amincin ajiya da sufuri yana hana ci gaban wannan fasaha. Kamar yadda mafi yawan ƙwayoyin baƙin ciki a cikin ɓawon burodi, aluminium na iya amsawa da iskar shukar oadum, wanda ke hana su aluminium m, wanda ke hana amsawa don ci gaba, yana ba da damar ci gaba, wanda ya ba da damar ci gaba, [4], kuma ana iya sake amfani da gallacin ƙarfe da sake amfani da shi. Yin amfani da kayan aluminum gallium alloy sosai don magance matsalar saurin shiri da kuma ajiyar makamashi mai aminci, inganta aminci, tattalin arziƙi, da kariya ta muhalli.
4. Filin likita
Ana amfani da gallium a filin likita saboda ta na musamman kaddarorin sa na musamman, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don yin tunani da kuma hana haduwa da ciwace-ciwacen cututtuka. Hukumar gallium suna da a bayyane a bayyane da ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma a ƙarshe kuma cinye haifuwa ta hanyar shiga tsakani da ƙwayar cuta. Kuma za a iya amfani da allurar gallium don yin kwanduna, kamar su gallon galum a cikin kwandalomi, sabon nau'in ruwa na ruwa, da kuma abokantaka, da kuma abokantaka, kuma ana iya amfani da su don maye gurbin hotan thircury. Bugu da kari, wani gwargwado na gallium tushen sahalgam na gargajiya kuma ana amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen asibiti a matsayin sabon abu na hakora.
3, Outlook
Kodayake China na daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da gallium a duniya, har yanzu akwai matsaloli da yawa a masana'antar kasar ta kasar Sin. Sakamakon ƙarancin abun ciki na gallium a matsayin ma'adinan na abokin tarayya, masana'antar haɓakawa na gallium suna warwatse, kuma akwai hanyoyin haɗi a cikin sarkar masana'antu. Tsarin hakar ma'adinai yana da babban gurbataccen muhalli, da ikon samarwa na babban gallium yana da rauni, galibi yana dogaro da fitarwa a cikin farashi da shigo da gallar. Koyaya, tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, haɓaka rayuwar rayuwar mutane, da kuma yaduwar aikace-aikacen gallium a cikin filayen bayani da makamashi, buƙatar gallium kuma zai iya ƙaruwa cikin sauri. Fasahar samar da tallafin samar da kayan aikin samar da galum na tsarkakakku na tsarkakakku zai iya haifar da matsaloli game da ci gaban masana'antu. Abubuwan da ke haifar da sabbin fasahar suna da matukar muhimmanci ga cimma ci gaba mai inganci na kimiyya da fasaha a China.
Lokaci: Mayu-17-2023