A halin yanzu, duka samarwa da kuma amfani da nanomaterials sun jawo hankali daga kasashe daban-daban. Nanotechnology na kasar Sin yana ci gaba da samun ci gaba, kuma an samu nasarar aiwatar da samar da masana'antu ko samar da gwaji a cikin nanoscale SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, ZnO2, Fe2O3 da sauran kayan foda. Koyaya, tsarin samar da kayayyaki na yanzu da tsadar samarwa shine rauni mai mutuƙar rauni, wanda zai shafi yawaita aikace-aikacen nanomaterials. Saboda haka, ci gaba da ingantawa ya zama dole.
Saboda tsarin lantarki na musamman da manyan radius na atomic radius na abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, abubuwan sinadaran su sun sha bamban da sauran abubuwa. Sabili da haka, hanyar shirye-shiryen da fasahar bayan-jiyya na ƙarancin ƙasa nano oxides suma sun bambanta da sauran abubuwa. Babban hanyoyin bincike sun haɗa da:
1. Hanyar hazo: ciki har da hazo oxalic acid, hazo carbonate, hazo hydroxide, hazo mai kama, hazo mai rikitarwa, da sauransu. samfurori masu tsabta. Amma yana da wuyar tacewa da sauƙin tarawa.
2. Hydrothermal Hanyar: Hanzarta da ƙarfafa hydrolysis dauki na ions karkashin high zafin jiki da kuma matsa lamba yanayi, da kuma samar da tarwatsa nanocrystalline nuclei. Wannan hanya na iya samun foda na nanometer tare da rarrabuwa iri-iri da kunkuntar girman rarrabuwa, amma yana buƙatar babban zafin jiki da kayan aikin matsa lamba, wanda yake da tsada da rashin lafiya don aiki.
3. Hanyar gel: Hanya ce mai mahimmanci don shirya kayan aikin inorganic, kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗakarwa. A ƙananan zafin jiki, mahadi na organometallic ko hadaddun kwayoyin halitta na iya samar da sol ta hanyar polymerization ko hydrolysis, kuma suna samar da gel a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Ƙarin jiyya na zafi na iya haifar da ultrafine Rice noodles tare da takamaiman filaye mafi girma da mafi kyawun watsawa. Ana iya aiwatar da wannan hanyar a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai laushi, wanda ke haifar da foda tare da yanki mafi girma kuma mafi kyawun rarrabawa. Koyaya, lokacin amsawa yana da tsayi kuma yana ɗaukar kwanaki da yawa don kammalawa, yana sa yana da wahala a cika buƙatun masana'antu.
4. Hanyar lokaci mai ƙarfi: bazuwar yanayin zafi mai girma ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar ƙaƙƙarfan mahadi ko tsaka-tsakin halayen lokaci mai ƙarfi. Misali, nitrate na duniya da ba kasafai ba da kuma oxalic acid ana hada su ta hanyar milling na lokaci mai ƙarfi don samar da tsaka-tsaki na oxalate na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba, wanda sai ya bazu a babban zafin jiki don samun foda na ultrafine. Wannan hanya yana da babban tasiri yadda ya dace, kayan aiki mai sauƙi, da kuma aiki mai sauƙi, amma sakamakon foda yana da ilimin halittar jiki mara kyau da rashin daidaituwa.
Waɗannan hanyoyin ba na musamman ba ne kuma maiyuwa ba za su cika amfani da masana'antu ba. Hakanan akwai hanyoyin shirye-shirye da yawa, irin su hanyar microemulsion na halitta, alcoholysis, da sauransu.
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Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-06-2023