Neodymium, kashi 60 na tebur na lokaci-lokaci.
Neodymium yana da alaƙa da praseodymium, duka biyun su Lanthanide ne masu kama da kamanni. A 1885, bayan Swedish chemist Mosander gano cakudalantanumda praseodymium da neodymium, Australiya Welsbach sun yi nasarar raba nau'ikan "kasa mara nauyi" guda biyu: neodymium oxide dapraseodymium oxide, kuma daga karshe suka rabuneodymiumkumapraseodymiumdaga gare su.
Neodymium, farin ƙarfe na azurfa tare da sinadarai masu aiki, na iya yin sauri cikin iska; Mai kama da praseodymium, yana amsawa a hankali a cikin ruwan sanyi kuma cikin sauri yana sakin iskar hydrogen a cikin ruwan zafi. Neodymium yana da ƙananan abun ciki a cikin ɓawon ƙasa kuma yana samuwa a cikin monazite da bastnaesite, tare da yalwar sa na biyu kawai zuwa cerium.
An fi amfani da Neodymium azaman mai launi a gilashi a cikin karni na 19. Yausheneodymium oxideAn narkar da shi cikin gilashi, zai samar da inuwa daban-daban kama daga ruwan hoda mai dumi zuwa shuɗi dangane da tushen hasken yanayi. Kar a raina gilashin neodymium na musamman da ake kira “gilashin neodymium”. Ita ce "zuciya" na lasers, kuma ingancinta kai tsaye yana ƙayyade yuwuwar da ingancin makamashin na'urar laser. A halin yanzu an san shi azaman matsakaicin aiki na Laser akan Duniya wanda zai iya fitar da matsakaicin ƙarfi. ions neodymium a cikin gilashin neodymium shine mabuɗin don gudana sama da ƙasa a cikin "skyscraper" na matakan makamashi da kuma samar da iyakar makamashin laser yayin babban tsarin canji, wanda zai iya haɓaka matakin nanojoule maras kyau 10-9 Laser makamashi zuwa matakin. "karamin rana". Na'urar hada wutar lantarki ta neodymium mafi girma a duniya, Na'urar Ignition na Amurka, ta haɓaka fasahar narkewar gilashin neodymium zuwa wani sabon mataki kuma an jera shi a matsayin manyan abubuwan al'ajabi bakwai na fasaha a ƙasar. A shekarar 1964, Cibiyar Nazarin Hannu da Ingantattun Makanikai ta Shanghai ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta kasar Sin ta fara gudanar da bincike kan muhimman fasahohin fasaha guda hudu na ci gaba da narkewa, da kawar da kai, da kuma gwada gilashin neodymium. Bayan shekaru da yawa na bincike, a ƙarshe an sami babban ci gaba a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Tawagar Hu Lili ita ce ta farko a duniya da ta fahimci na'urar Laser mai tsananin gaske da gajeriyar gajeriyar na'ura ta Shanghai tare da fitarwar Laser watt 10. Mahimmancin sa shine ya mallaki fasaha mai mahimmanci na manyan sikelin da babban aiki Laser Nd gilashin batch masana'anta. Saboda haka, Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta kasar Sin ta Shanghai Institute of Optics and Precision Machinery ta zama cibiyar farko a duniya da ta mallaki cikakkiyar fasahar samar da kayan aikin gilashin Laser Nd.
Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Neodymium don yin magana mai ƙarfi na dindindin da aka sani - neodymium iron boron alloy. Neodymium iron boron alloy wani babban lada ne da Japan ta bayar a shekarun 1980 don karya ikon mallakar General Motors a Amurka. Masanin kimiyya na wannan zamani Masato Zuokawa ya ƙirƙira sabon nau'in maganadisu na dindindin, wanda shine sinadari na alloy wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa uku: neodymium, iron, da boron. Masanan kimiyyar kasar Sin sun kuma kirkiro wata sabuwar hanya ta sintering, ta yin amfani da induction dumama sintering maimakon na gargajiya sintering da zafi magani, don cimma wani sintering yawa fiye da 95% na ka'idar darajar maganadisu, wanda zai iya kauce wa wuce kima girma hatsi na maganadisu, gajarta. sake zagayowar samarwa, kuma daidai da rage farashin samarwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-01-2023