MeneneRasa Duniya?
Dan Adam yana da tarihin sama da shekaru 200 tun lokacin da ake gano ƙasashen duniya mai rauni a wannan lokacin, kawai ɗan ƙaramin ruwa ne wanda ke ɓoye oxies. Tarihi, irin wannan oxides an saba da shi "ƙasa", saboda haka sunan ƙasa mai wuya.
A zahiri, ma'adinai na ƙasa ba shi da wuya a yanayi. Duniya mai wuya ba Duniya bane, amma al'ada ce ta ƙarfe. Nau'inta mai aiki shine kawai na biyu na Alkali na kwandon shara da alkaline ƙasa karafa. Suna da abun ciki a cikin ɓawon burodi fiye da jan ƙarfe na gama gari, zinc, tin, cobalt, da nickel.
A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da ƙasa da yawa a fannoni daban daban, petrochemicals, metallurgy, da sauransu kusan kowace shekaru na rare, da kuma daga kowane kirkirar ƙasa.
Kasar Sin tana da wadataccen arziki a ma'adanai mai wuya, raye-farko a cikin fannoni uku na duniya: reserves, samar da sikelin, da kuma girma fitarwa. A lokaci guda, China ita ce kadai ƙasar da za ta iya samar da dukkanin karnukan kasa da kai, musamman na matsakaiciyar ƙasa da manyan aikace-aikacen soja.
Rare Duniya
Abubuwa da yawa na Duniya sun ƙunshi abubuwan Lanthaniide a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci na abubuwan sunadarai:Lanthanum(LA),cerium(A),furcidmium(Pr),Neodymium(Nd), promethium (PM),Samarus(SM),kuɗin kuɗin shiga(EU),gadolinium(GD),terbium(Tb),dyspsprosum(Dy),holl(Ho),erbium(Er),thurium(Tm),yearsbium(Yb),lannekin(Lu), da abubuwa guda biyu suna da alaƙa da Lanthanide:tsirar da ruwa(SC) dayttrium(Y).
Ana kirantaRasa Duniya, rage a matsayin ƙasashe mai wuya.
Rarrabuwa na abubuwan duniya
Rarrabe ta hanyar jiki da keɓaɓɓun kaddarorin abubuwa:
Abubuwa masu yawa na ƙasa:Scandium, Yttrium, Lanthanum, Neodymium, Neodymium, Neodmium, Promethium, Egife
Abubuwa masu yawa na ƙasa:Gadolinium, Terbum, Dyspprosium, Hollum, Erbium, Thulium, yestersebum, Luttium
Rarraba ta hanyar ma'adinai na ma'adinai:
Kungiyar Cerium:Lanthanum, Cerium, Pratsodmium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarus, Tarrofium
Kungiyar Yttrium:Gadolinium, Terbum, Dyypprosium, Hollum, Erbium, Thulium, Satterium, Lutetium, Scandium, Yttium
Rarrabuwa ta hanyar rabuwa:
Haske mai sauƙi ƙasa (P204 rauni mai rauni na acidity): Lanthanum, Cerium, Presodymium, Neodymium
Matsakaicin matsakaici ƙasa (P204 Lowerarancin hakar acidity):Samarary, Tarayyar Turai, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dyspprosium
Hadakar mai nauyi mai nauyi (hakar acidity a P204):Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, yesternanium, lutetium, yttrium
Kaddarorin abubuwan duniya
Fiye da ayyukan 50 na ƙarancin abubuwa na duniya suna da alaƙa da manyan tsarin lantarki 4, yana sa su yi amfani da su sosai cikin duka kayan gargajiya da kuma sabbin kayan aikin.
4f ortron orit
1. Kayan jiki da sunadarai
★ A fili yana da kayan ƙarfe; Azurfa ce mai launin toka, ban da Prasodmium da Neodymium, ya bayyana haske rawaya
★ Launuka na haxide
★ Saduwa da tsayayyun mahadi tare da metals
★ karfe mai dadi
★ Sauki ga oxidize a cikin iska
2 Prienceclecronic Properties
★ wanda ya bayyana na mai saukarwa, inda wutan lantarki na 4F ke garkuwa da su ta hanyar lantarki, sakamakon haifar da matakan m da matakai daban-daban
Lokacin da ke canzawa na 4F, za su iya sha ko samar da radadin raƙuman ruwa daban-daban daga ultraviolet, wanda ake iya gani don gurbata yankuna, sanya su dace da kayan luma
★ kyakkyawan hali, wanda ke da ikon shirya rasuwar ƙasa ta hanyar wutan lantarki
Matsayin Eleyrons na 4F na Abubuwa na Duniya a cikin sabbin kayan
1. Abubuwan da ke amfani da kayan lantarki 4f
★ 4F Eveltron Bination:ya bayyana a matsayin mai karfi magnetism - wanda ya dace don amfani da kayan maganan baya na dindindin, MRI Hoto na kayan, da sauransu, da sauransu
★ 4F Orbital Ellober: bayyana a matsayin kaddarorin lumasencent - wanda ya dace da amfani dashi azaman kayan lumfuna kamar su phospfors, fitattun irlifiers, da sauransu
Canjin lantarki a cikin Bandungiyar Lantarki ta Energy 4f Counter: ya bayyana kamar kayan launi - kayan kwalliya na kayan zafi, alamomi, da sauransu
2 shine kusanci da lantarki, yin amfani da Oionic radius, caji da kaddarorin sunadarai
★ nuclear halaye:
Karamin Tsabtaccen Haske na Tsayewa na Tsayewa - wanda ya dace da amfani da kayan tsarin mai tsarin nukiliya na nukiliya, da sauransu
Mene ne babban sashe na Captption Cread - dace da hanyoyin kare kayan aikin nukiliya, da sauransu
★ masu saurin Radius na Yida, Cajistar, jiki da sunadarai:
Misali na lattice, kwatankwacin radius, iri ɗaya, caji daban-daban - dace da dumama, mai kara kuzari, da sauransu.
Hasumantaccen tsari - wanda ya dace da amfani azaman kayan hydrogen adana kayan Katakoje, kayan ɗaukar hoto na lantarki, da sauransu
Kayan Ultrasy da Kayan Multicerices - sun dace da amfani azaman hasken zamani kayan, ƙasan ƙwari, da sauransu
Lokaci: Jul-06-023