Magical Rare Duniya

Yearsbium: Atomic lambar 70, Atomic Height 173.04, Siffar Siffofin da aka samu daga wurin binciken. Abubuwan da ke cikin shayebum a cikin ɓawon burodi shine 0.000266%, galibi suna cikin phosphorite da baƙi rakumi mai rare. Abun ciki a cikin Monozite shine 0.03%, kuma akwai isotops 7 na halitta

Gano

By: marinak

Lokaci: 1878

Wuri: Switzerland

A cikin shekarar 1878, Switzers Chemy Charles da G Marwagnac sun gano wani sabon yare duniya a cikin "Erbium". A cikin 1907, ulban da Weils sun nuna cewa maringac yaudara cakuda lutetium oxide da kuma qesta qestaide. A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar karamin kauyen suna mai suna Yeterby kusa da Stockholm, inda aka gabatar da sunan ytttium, wannan sabon abu aka mai suna ypestbium tare da alamar yb.

Kanfigron Kanfigareshan

Kanfigron Kanfigareshan
1s2 2s2 2s2 2s2 3s2 3s2 3d10 4p6 4p6 5s2 4f14

Ƙarfe

Metillic osterestium nezel, durtile, kuma yana da laushi mai laushi. A zazzabi a ɗakin. Shin, ana iya faɗi a hankali ta iska da ruwa.

Akwai tsararru biyu na Crystal: α- nau'in fuska ce ta musamman mai siffar Cubic (dakin zazzabi -798 ℃); β- Rubuta jikin mutum ne da ke daɗaɗawa (sama da 798 ℃) lattice. Maɗa maki 824 ℃, tafasa matsayi na 1427 ℃, dangi da dangi 6.977 (α- nau'in), 6.54 (β- nau'in).

InsoluBle a cikin ruwan sanyi, mai narkewa a acid da ruwa ammonia. Yana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin iska. Kama da Samarariya da Egipium, yetssebulum nasa ne ga m duniya ƙasa, kuma na iya kasancewa cikin yanayin tashin nesa mai kyau ban da wayo.

Saboda wannan halayyar m valice, shirye-shiryen metilic qsestas ba za a gudanar da shi ta hanyar wutan lantarki ba, amma ta hanyar rage distillation distrolysis, amma ta hanyar rage distillation distraly don shiri da tsarkakewa. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da ƙarfe na Lanthanum a matsayin ragi na ragi tsakanin matsakaicin matsakaiciyar turɓayar ƙwayar cuta da ƙarancin ƙarfe na ƙarfe na awo. A madadin,Thulium, yearsbium, dalannekinZa'a iya amfani da hankali azaman albarkatun ƙasa, kumaLanthanum Karfeana iya amfani dashi azaman wakili maimaitawa. A karkashin babban yanayin zazzabi na> 1100 ℃ da <0.133pa, m karfe qsternberia cire kai tsaye ta rage distillation. Kamar Sansopium da Egipium, yetersebsebium kuma tsarkake ta rage rigar. Yawancin lokaci, Thulium, yetestium, kuma ana amfani da lutitium mai tarawa azaman albarkatun ƙasa. Bayan rushewa, an rage qsestium zuwa ga jihar Divent, yana haifar da mahimman bambance-bambance a cikin kadarorin, sannan kuma ya rabu da sauran sauran ƙasashe masu taushi. Samar da tsarkakakken tsarkiyesterbideMafi yawan lokuta ana aiwatar da ta hanyar hakar chromatography ko ion musayar musayar.

Roƙo

Amfani da masana'antar musamman na musamman. An yi amfani da Alloy Alloys a cikin maganin hakori don ƙarfe da gwaje-gwajen sunadarai.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yetstium ya fito da ci gaba cikin filayen cikin fire-filen sadarwa da fasaha na laser.

Tare da ginin da ci gaban babbar hanyar "Bayanai na kwamfuta da Dogon Kompic da Dogon Kaya suna da manyan buƙatu don aiwatar da kayan Fayil na Otliya. Ytterbium ions, due to their excellent spectral properties, can be used as fiber amplification materials for optical communication, just like erbium and thulium. Dukda cewa bakada quesarancin duniya Erbium har yanzu shine babban dan wasa a cikin shirye-shiryen fiber na fiber (30nm), yana sa ya sami wahalar biyan bukatun musayar bayanai da kuma iyawa. Yb3 + ions yana da mafi girman yaduwar tsayuwa sama da ƙasa fiye da ER3 + ions kusan 980nm. Ta hanyar sakamako mai hankali game da YB3 + da canja wurin da makamashi na erbium da ypesbiyanci, za a iya inganta hasken 1530, ta inganta ingancin ampliation sosai, ta inganta ingancin ingancin haske.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, esbium qestestbium canibed gilashin an sami falala a cikin masu bincike. Phosphate da tabarau na Ciwon rigakafi da Dalili mai kyau, da kuma manyan hanyoyin watsa labarai da manyan kayan kyauta don gilashin fito da kuma babban ribar gilashin Fiber. Yb3 + replifiers na fiber na ruwa na iya samun amsar iko da kananan siginar sigina, yana sa su dace da filayen kamar Sadarwar Lals Repication, da Amplification na Dimama. A yanzu haka China ta gina mafi yawan ƙarfin tashar duniya da kuma tsarin watsa shirye-shiryen watsa shirye-shirye na hanzari, kuma yana da babbar hanyar bayyanar a cikin duniya. Yesterbulum doped da sauran yadudduka na fiber na fiber sunfi da kayan Laser suna taka muhimmiyar rawa da mahimmanci a cikinsu.

Hakanan ana amfani da halaye na tsirara na shaye-shaye a matsayin kayan laser mai inganci, a matsayin lu'ulu'u na laser, duka tabarau na Laser, da kuma masu tabarau. A matsayinsa na babban wuta, yetestium doped Laser lu'ulu'u ne mai girma, ciki har da yetstium doped ggolinum florophosphate (yp: ypestium doped strontium crorophosphate (YB: S-FAP), yetestium doped yttrium vadarate (YB: Yv04), yetteranium doped bera, da siliki. SeMiconductor Laser (lD) wani sabon nau'in tushen sufuri ne ga masu ƙarfi-jihar-jihar Lusers. YB: Yag yana da halaye da yawa da ya dace da babban ƙarfin lantarki ld kuma ya zama kayan Laser don ɗaukar nauyin LDER. Ana amfani da Crystal Crystal Crystal a matsayin kayan Laser na Laser don fushin Laser makaman wasan nukiliya a nan gaba, wanda ya jawo hankalin mutane. A cikin kwalaben lasir da lu'ulu'u, akwai chromium ystain aluminum garnum garnum garny (cr, yb, Ho: Yagg) tare da raƙuman Yagg daga 2.84 zuwa 3.05 μ ci gaba daidaitacce tsakanin m. Dangane da ƙididdiga, yawancin yakin yaƙi sun yi amfani da su a cikin makamai masu linzami a duniya suna amfani da tsini na tsakiyar, YB, HOUMTURSORS, kuma yana da mahimmancin mahimmancin mulki. Kasar Sin ta samu jerin sabbin abubuwa masu kirkiro tare da matakin ci gaba na duniya a cikin filin Laser Laser Laser Laser, Perse, Crystal Fast, da kuma daidaitawa fitarwa. An yi amfani da sakamakon binciken a kariyar kasa, masana'antu, da injiniyan kimiyya, da kuma zeterbulium doped Crystal kayayyakin da aka fitar zuwa ƙasashe da yawa da yankuna kamar Amurka da Japan.

Wani babban rukuni na kayan Laser Laser shine gilashin laser. An inganta gilashin fitowar wurare daban-daban masu yawa, gami da gubar gabbai, silicon niobate, comate, da phosphate. Saboda sauƙin glading mai ƙarfi, ana iya sanya shi cikin manyan masu girma dabam kuma yana da halaye kamar babban watsawa, yana yiwuwa zai yiwu a samar da lazushiyar wutar lantarki. Gilashin binciken Lasicar da aka saba da shi ana amfani da gilashin Neodmium, wanda ke da tarihin ci gaba na sama da shekaru 40 da samarwa na balaguro da fasaha. Ya kasance koyaushe abin da aka fi so don na'urorin Laser mai ƙarfi kuma an yi amfani da su a cikin na'urorin Nillear na Nukiliya da Laser. Powerarfin Ma'aikatan Laser-Power wanda aka gina a cikin gilashin Neerymium na Laserymium a matsayin babban yankin Laser matsakaici, sun kai matakin cigaba na duniya. Amma gilashi na Laserymium a yanzu yana fuskantar kalubale mai ƙarfi daga gilashin Lasersebatium.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, babban adadin karatu sun nuna cewa yawancin kaddarorin na gilashin Laserymium. Saboda gaskiyar cewa yetstsbium doped lumincence ne kawai yana da matakan makamashi guda biyu, ingancin adana kuzari yana da yawa. A daidai wannan, gilashin qseodbium yana da ingantaccen makamashi mai ƙarfi sau 16 fiye da gilashin Neodmium, da kuma tsawon rayuwar wuta sau 3 wanda ke da gilashi Neodmium. Hakanan yana da fa'idodi kamar suɗaɗɗen diyya, bandwidth na ɗaukar bandwidth, kuma za a iya tayar da su kai tsaye ta semicontuctors, sanya shi ya dace da laudan wutar lantarki. Koyaya, aikace-aikacen amfani na gilashin Laserbium Laser sau da yawa dogara da taimakon Neodlium, kamar amfani da gilashin Laserlizer yana aiki a ɗakin zazzabi da kuma ana samun tsararren Laserar don sanya gizan Laserength. Don haka, yestesium da neodymium biyu duka biyu masu fafatawa ne da kuma yin hadin gwiwa a fannin gilashin laser.

Ta hanyar daidaita tsarin gilashin, kayan kwalliyar lumasencent na gilashin yeterbum na ƙarshe za'a iya inganta su. With the development of high-power lasers as the main direction, lasers made of ytterbium laser glass are increasingly widely used in modern industry, agriculture, medicine, scientific research, and military applications.

Amfani da sojoji: Yin amfani da makamashi wanda ya haifar da makamancin makaman nukiliya, kuma cimma muhimmiyar makamashi ta mutum don magance matsalolin makamashi. Yesterbulum Doped Laser Gilashin Lasiced ne ya zama kayan da aka fi son haɓakawa da ya fi dacewa da haɓakar rashin tsaro (ICF) a karni na 21 saboda shi kyakkyawan aikinsa Lallai kyakkyawan aikin Laser.

Makamai Laser suna amfani da babban makamashi na katako na Laser don ya kashe manufa, samar da yanayin biliyoyin biliyoyin digiri na digiri Celsius da kai tsaye a saurin haske. Ana iya magana da su kamar Nadana kuma suna da babban mawadaci, musamman wanda ya dace da tsarin aikin jirgin sama na zamani tsarin a cikin yaƙi. Madalla da wasan kwaikwayon na dunƙule na Laser Laser ya sanya muhimmin abu ne na asali na masana'antu mai girma da babban-aikin Laser makamai.

Fiber Laser shine sabon fasaha da sauri kuma yana kuma filin aikace-aikacen Laser Gilashin. Fiber Laser shine laser wanda ke amfani da fiber a matsayin matsakaici na Laser, wanda shine samfurin haɗuwa da fasahar laser da laser. Wani sabon fasaha na Laser ya kirkiro kan tushen Erbium doped fasahar fitsari (EDFA). Wani fiber Laser ne na semiconductors Lasiconductors Laseronductors Laseronductors Lasic Douse a matsayin mai tushe, fiber Eplive na fifide da kuma matsakaici na matsakaici, da kuma daidaitattun abubuwa kamar grating fiber da kuma ma'aurata. Ba ya buƙatar daidaituwar injin na taptical, da kuma kayan aiki ne kuma mai sauƙin haduwa. Idan aka kwatanta da masu hular da ke da-gari da kuma lasters na jihar semictionctor, yana da fa'idodin fasaha da kuma ingancin tsaka-tsaki ga tsangwama na muhalli, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara, babu gyara hankali Saboda gaskiyar cewa doped ions ne galibi + 3, ER + 3, Ho + 3, duk wanda ke amfani da kafofin watsa labarai ta hanyar kamfanin kuma za a iya kiran kafafun fiber.

Aikace-aikacen Laser: Yeteryshenan ƙasa da ƙirar Fiber Douse biyu Clad Laser ya zama filin da yake zafi a cikin fasahar Laserarancin lasisi a duniya. Yana da fa'idodi mai kyau na kyawawan katako, tsarin canji, da kuma ingancin canzawa, kuma yana da babban damar aikace-aikace a masana'antu da sauran filayen. Doublica Clad da Doped Fibers sun dace da Laser na Semiconductor da Templing da Wurin Fitar da Fibers na Laseran Lasta. Clad wasan na kasar Sin Yests na Fiber Yestrium freed fiber fiber baya kan par tare da ci gaban kasashen kasashen waje. Yermpium doped fiber da aka samu fiber, da erbium qestered fiber da aka samu a cikin sharuddan kayayyaki da aminci, kuma ka sami wadataccen fasahar kayayyaki da hanyoyi da yawa.

Kamfanin Jamusanci na Jamusanci na Jamusanci na Jamusanci na Jamusanci kwanan nan ya sanar kwanan nan cewa sabon tsarin da aka gabatar, da tsararraki na 1070nm-1080nm, da kuma fitarwa mai fitarwa na har zuwa 20kw. An yi amfani da shi a cikin walƙiyar waldi, yankan, da kuma dutsen dutsen.

Kayan kayan Laser sune Core da Gidauniyar Haɓaka Fasahar Laser. Ya kasance koyaushe a cikin masana'antar laser wanda 'tsara kayan, ƙarni guda ɗaya'. Don haɓaka na'urori masu amfani da amfani, ya zama dole don fara mallakar kayan Laser da haɗa wasu fasahar da suka dace. Yesterbulum Doped Laser Crystals da Laser Gilashin kayan Sihiri, musamman a yankan laser Eteric sadarwa, da kuma lauyoyin makami mai karfi.

Bugu da kari, ana amfani da qsestium a matsayin mai kyalli foda mailikoci, karar rerits na kayan aikin lantarki (magnetic kumfa), da kuma abubuwan gilashin gilashi. Ya kamata a nuna cewa yttrium da yttrium abubuwa ne na duniya. Kodayake akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin sunaye da alamomin da aka tsara, harafin zamani suna da sigogi iri ɗaya. A wasu fassarorin kasar Sin, wani lokacin ana kiranta Yttrium a matsayin Yttrium. A wannan yanayin, muna buƙatar bincika ainihin rubutun kuma muna haɗa alamomin ƙasa don tabbatarwa.