Furcidmiumshine na uku mafi yawan kayan lanthanide a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci na abubuwan sunadarai, tare da yalwar 9.5 ppm a cikin ɓawon burodi, ƙasa dacerium, yttrium,Lanthanum, datsirar da ruwa. Yana da na biyar mafi yawan kayan ƙasa a cikin ƙasashe masu wuya. Amma kamar sunansa,furcidmiummemba ne mai sauki kuma wanda ba a yarda da shi ba ne na dangin duniya.
CF AUER VON Welsbach ya gano Pratsardmium a 1885.
A cikin 1751, Sweden ma'adanai ma'adinan ma'adanai wanda ke fama da cutar Sweden axel Frredrik ya sami wani ma'adinai mai nauyi a yankin basn Ä s, wanda daga baya aka kira shi Ceri. Shekaru talatin daga baya, dan shekaru goma sha biyar, shekara-shekara Vilhelm mai hadayar sa daga dangin da suka mallaki ma'adanan ya aiko da samfuransu zuwa Carl. A cikin 1803, bayan mawaƙa ta zama baƙar fata, sai ya koma yankin ma'adanar tare da J ö n bacob Berzelius kuma ya raba sabon oxide, wanda ya gano wani shekaru biyu da suka gabata. Martin Heinrich ya raba Ceria da kansa a Jamus.
Tsakanin 1839 da 1843, likitan jinar Sweden da Churist Curl Gustaf Mosander ya gano hakanberiide reideya kasance cakuda oxides. Ya rabu da sauran oxides, wanda ya kira Lanthana da Doymia "Do Dowymia" (ma'ana "Twins" a cikin Hellenanci). Ya bazu daCerium nitrateSamfura ta hanyar turamar shi a cikin iska, sannan kuma a bi da shi da tsararren nitric acid don samun iskar da iri. Motalal da ke samar da wadannan oxides saboda haka sunaLanthanumdafurcidmium.
A cikin 1885, CF AULSHach, wani Austrian wanda ya kirkiri gishirin giwaye, wanda aka raba shi da launin kore. Wanda aka sanya wa suna "Presodymium", wanda yazo daga Girkanci kalmar Prosardmium domin wani bayani na prameodymium gishiri zai gabatar da launi mai haske; Sauran abubuwan an mai suna "Neodymium". Samun nasarar rabuwa da "masu conjoined tagwaye" ya basu damar nuna baiwa da kansu.
Azurfa farin ƙarfe, taushi da durtile. Pratsardmium yana da hexagonal crystal a zazzabi dakin. Rashin juriya a cikin iska ya fi ƙarfin Lanthanum, Cerium, Neoddium Black Sallar Karfe gaba ɗaya cikin kusan shekara guda.
Kamar mafi yawanAbubuwa na Duniya, pransodmium mafi yawa shine mafi kusantar samar da wani + 3. wanda shine kawai tsayayyen yanayi a cikin mafita mafi kyau. Pratsardmium ya wanzu a cikin + 4 yanayin oxtionation a wasu sanannun mahadi, kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin Matrix, yana iya kaiwa na musamman + + Hopide Hopide oxnation a tsakanin abubuwan Lanthaide.
Aqueododium parasodlium parpeous parasreuse ne, da kuma amfani da masana'antu da yawa na prameodlium sun haɗa da iyawarta don tace hasken rawaya mai haske a cikin tushe.
Prasodmium lantarki layout
Hayar lantarki:
1s2 2s2 2s2 2s2 3s2 3s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 2S0 2s16s2 4f3
An shirya gidan waya na 59 na Prasodmium kamar [xe] 4f36s2. A gaskiya, ana iya amfani da dukkanin wutan lantarki biyar na waje azaman Varence Wadelron, amma amfani da duk abubuwan lantarki biyar na waje na buƙatar matsanancin yanayi. Gabaɗaya, Prasseodmium kawai zai fitar da wayoyin lantarki uku ko hudu a cikin mahaɗan. Pratsardmium shine farkon lanthaide tare da tsarin lantarki wanda ya dace da mizanin Auffauu. Matattararsa ta 4F tana da ƙananan matakan makamashi fiye da 5D orthalum da Cerium, wanda ba ya isa don gujewa don gujewa har zuwa cikin kwasfa 5D a Cerium. Duk da haka, Presodmium na Presodmium na [XE] Game da kafa guda 4F25, Infiction ɗaya lantarki, wanda aka rarrabe su a cikin jihohin ƙarfe).
Kamar yawancin abubuwan Lanthaniide, Prasseodlium yawanci suna amfani da wayoyin lantarki guda uku kawai kamar yadda ake amfani da makamancinsu, da 5D da 6, da ƙaruwa da karuwar ionic cajin. Duk da haka, Pratsodmium zai iya ci gaba da rasa na huɗu har ma da kuma lokaci-lokaci Hukumar lantarki ta Fusthign, saboda yana bayyana sosai a cikin tsarin Lanthande, inda cajin nukiliya har yanzu yana da damar cire cirewar ƙarin Valence.
Pratsardmium Kuma duk abubuwan lanthani (ban daLanthanum, yearsbiumdalannekin, babu wani wutan lantarki na 4f) sune paramagnetism a zazzabi a daki. Ba kamar sauran kariyar karafa ba waɗanda ke nuna tsari na antiferromagnic ko fanshirin da ke haifar da ƙarancin yanayin zafi, Prasodlium shine Paramagnitism a duk yanayin zafi sama da 1k
Aikace-aikace na prameodymium
Anyi amfani da Pratsardmium a cikin nau'i na gauraye hade da tsarkakakkiyar wakili don kayan ƙarfe, la'anadan aikin gona, da sauransu.Pratsardmium neodymiumshine mafi kama da wahalar rarrabuwa biyu daga cikin abubuwanda ke ƙasa, wanda ke da wuya a raba shi da hanyoyin sunadarai. Samar da masana'antu yawanci yana amfani da hakar da Iion musayar musayar. Idan ana amfani dasu a cikin nau'i-nau'i a cikin nau'i na wadatar da Preseodmium neodymium, da farashin kuma mai rahusa ne fiye da samfuran guda ɗaya.
Prameodymium neodymium alloy(Prameodymium neodymium karfe)Ya zama samfurin mai zaman kansa, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman kayan maganyar da na dindindin da gyaggen canji ga allolin ƙarfe marasa ferrous. Aikin, ana iya inganta kuzarin mai kara mai kara da petroodlium ta ƙara Parasodmium neodymium zuwa sievite kwayoyin kwayoyin. A matsayin ƙara na filastik mai ƙari, ƙara furci Pameodmium weodymium enrihylene (PTFETRAfluoruchylene (PTFE) na iya inganta juriya PTFE.
Rasa DuniyaKayan kayan aikin dindindin sune filin shahararrun aikace-aikacen ƙasa a yau. ProsardiardMium kadai bai zama ba da fice a matsayin kayan maganadi na dindindin, amma yana da kyakkyawan synergistic na yau da kullun wanda zai iya inganta kadarorin magnetic. Dingara adadin da ya dace na prameodlium zai iya inganta aikin kayan maganyar kayan duniya na dindindin. Hakanan yana iya inganta aikin antioxidant (ciyawar iska) da kayan aikin na kayan sihiri, kuma an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin na'urorin lantarki da kuma motors.
Hakanan za'a iya amfani da pransardmium don niƙa da kayan kwalliya. Kamar yadda dukkanmu muka sani, tsarkakakken cerium tushen foda yawanci launin rawaya, wanda shine babban kayan kwalliya na gado wanda ke da ingantaccen yanayin samar da ƙarfe. Mutane sun gano cewa Presodmium yana da kayan kwalliya mai kyau. Rare ƙasa Polishing foda wanda ya sa Preseodlium zai bayyana mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, amma saboda wannan launi mai launin ja ba duhu ya zama duhu. An yi amfani da Pratsardmium a matsayin sabon kayan nika don yin cunkoson grinding ƙafafun da ke dauke da Prasseymium. Idan aka kwatanta da fararen Alumina, ana iya inganta inganci da tsoratarwa ta fiye da 30% lokacin da nika carbon ƙirar ƙarfe, bakin karfe, da kuma yanayin zafin jiki. Don rage farashin, Presodmium neododmium play azaman kayan abinci ana amfani dasu azaman kayan abinci neymodmium cor da grinding dabaran nagini.
Anyi amfani da lu'ulu'u masu narkewa tare da prameodlium parasodmium don rage haske yana tashe haske har zuwa ɗari mores a sakan na biyu.
Dingara Presodymium Orasodlium Orication zai juya rawaya mai haske kuma za'a iya amfani dashi azaman aladu na yumbu - pransardmium rawaya. Pratsardmium mai rawaya (Zr02-Pr6oll-Si02) an dauke shi mafi kyawun launin yumbu mai launin rawaya, wanda ya kasance mai tsayayye a sama zuwa 1000 ℃ kuma ana iya amfani dashi don aiwatar da kuɗi ɗaya ko kuma biyan kuɗi.
An kuma amfani da Pratsardmium kamar yadda gilashi colorant, tare da launuka masu arziki da kasuwa mai girma. Pratsardmium Green samfurori masu haske tare da leek kore da sarken launuka masu launin shuɗi za a iya samar da, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi don samar da matattarar kore da kuma gilashin fasaho. Dingara presodymium oxide da cerium rede zuwa gilashin za a iya amfani da shi azaman gilggles don walda. Praseardmium sulfide za a iya amfani dashi azaman colorant filastik.
Lokaci: Mayu-29-2023