MOUNT WELD, Ostiraliya/TOKYO (Reuters) - Ya mamaye wani dutse mai aman wuta da aka kashe a gefen babban hamadar Victoria a Yammacin Ostiraliya, ma'adinin Dutsen Weld ya zama duniya nesa da yakin kasuwanci tsakanin Amurka da China.
Amma rigimar ta kasance mai riba ga Lynas Corp (LYC.AX), mamallakin Australiya na Mount Weld. Ma'adinan yana alfahari da ɗayan mafi kyawun ma'ajiyar ƙasa na duniya, mahimman abubuwan abubuwan komai daga iPhones zuwa tsarin makamai.
Shawarwari a wannan shekara da China ta yi cewa za ta iya katse fitar da kasa da ba kasafai ake fitar da ita zuwa Amurka ba yayin da yakin kasuwanci ya barke tsakanin kasashen biyu ya haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce kan Amurka na neman sabbin kayayyaki - kuma ya sanya hannun jarin Lynas ya yi tashin gwauron zabi.
A matsayin kamfani daya tilo da ba na kasar Sin ba da ke bunkasuwa a bangaren da ba kasafai ba, hannun jarin Lynas ya samu kashi 53% a bana. Hannun jarin sun haura kashi 19 cikin dari a makon da ya gabata kan labaran da ke cewa kamfanin na iya mika takardar neman wani shiri na Amurka na gina wuraren sarrafa kasa da ba kasafai ba a Amurka.
Ƙasar da ba kasafai ba na da mahimmanci don kera motocin lantarki, kuma ana samun su a cikin maɗaukaki masu sarrafa injuna don injin injin iska, da kuma a cikin kwamfutoci da sauran kayayyakin masarufi. Wasu suna da mahimmanci a kayan aikin soja kamar injunan jet, tsarin jagora na makami mai linzami, tauraron dan adam da lasers.
Tsoron Amurka ne ya sa Lynas ya samu ba kasafai ba a wannan shekarar saboda yadda China ke sarrafa wannan fanni. Amma an kafa harsashin wannan bunƙasa kusan shekaru goma da suka gabata, lokacin da wata ƙasa - Japan - ta fuskanci girgizar ƙasa.
A shekarar 2010, kasar Sin ta kayyade yawan kason da ba kasafai ke fitarwa zuwa kasar Japan ba, sakamakon takaddamar yankin da kasashen biyu suka yi, ko da yake Beijing ta ce, matakin ya dogara ne kan matsalolin muhalli.
Tsoron cewa manyan masana'antunta sun kasance masu rauni, Japan ta yanke shawarar saka hannun jari a Dutsen Weld - wanda Lynas ya samu daga Rio Tinto a 2001 - don samar da kayayyaki.
Tallafawa da kudade daga gwamnatin Japan, wani kamfani na kasuwanci na Japan, Sojitz (2768.T), ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar samar da dala miliyan 250 don samar da ƙasa mai yawa a wurin.
"Gwamnatin Sin ta yi mana alheri," in ji Nick Curtis, wanda shi ne shugaban zartarwa a Lynas a lokacin.
Yarjejeniyar ta kuma taimaka wajen gina wata masana'anta da Lynas ke shirin yi a Kuantan, Malaysia.
Wadancan jarin sun taimaka wa kasar Japan ta rage dogaro da kasashen duniya da ba kasafai suke yi wa kasar Sin da kashi uku ba, a cewar Michio Daito, wanda ke kula da kasa da sauran albarkatun ma'adinai a ma'aikatar tattalin arziki, ciniki da masana'antu ta Japan.
Yarjejeniyar kuma sun kafa tushe don kasuwancin Lynas. Zuba jarin ya ba wa Lynas damar haɓaka ma'adinan sa kuma ya sami wurin sarrafawa a Malaysia tare da ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki waɗanda ke da ƙarancin wadata a Dutsen Weld. Tsarin ya kasance mai riba ga Lynas.
A Dutsen Weld, ma'adinai yana maida hankali ne a cikin wani yanayi mai saurin yanayi wanda aka aika zuwa Malaysia don rabuwa cikin ƙasa daban-daban. Sauran kuma ya tafi China, don ci gaba da sarrafawa.
Adadin da aka samu na Mount Weld ya “dabawa ikon kamfanin na samar da daidaito da kuma ba da bashi,” in ji Amanda Lacaze, shugabar kamfanin a cikin imel zuwa ga Reuters. "Tsarin kasuwancin Lynas shine ƙara ƙima ga albarkatun Mount Weld a masana'antar sarrafa shi a Malaysia."
Andrew White, wani manazarci a Curran & Co da ke Sydney, ya kawo misali da "hanyar dabarar Lynas kasancewarta daya tilo mai samar da kasa da ba kasafai ba a wajen kasar Sin" tare da inganta karfin kimar sa na 'sayan' kan kamfanin. "Irin tacewa ne ke haifar da babban bambanci."
Lynas a watan Mayu ya rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da Blue Line Corp mai zaman kansa a Texas don haɓaka masana'antar sarrafa kayan da za ta fitar da ƙasa mara nauyi daga kayan da aka aiko daga Malaysia. Shugabannin Blue Line da Lynas sun ƙi bayar da cikakkun bayanai game da farashi da iya aiki.
A ranar Juma'a Lynas ta ce za ta gabatar da wata takarda a matsayin martani ga kiran da ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka ta yi na samar da shawarwarin gina masana'antar sarrafa kayayyaki a Amurka. Nasarar tayin zai baiwa Lynas kwarin gwiwa don haɓaka shukar da ke akwai a rukunin yanar gizon Texas zuwa wurin keɓancewa ga ƙasa mai nauyi.
James Stewart, wani manazarci albarkatu tare da Ausbil Investment Management Ltd a Sydney, ya ce yana tsammanin cewa masana'antar sarrafa Texas za ta iya ƙara kashi 10-15 cikin 100 ga abin da ake samu a shekara.
Lynas ya kasance kan gaba wajen bayar da kwangilar, in ji shi, ganin cewa za ta iya aikawa da kayan da aka sarrafa a Malaysia cikin sauki zuwa Amurka, da kuma sauya shukar Texas a cikin arha, wani abu da sauran kamfanoni za su yi gwagwarmayar kwafi.
"Idan Amurka tana tunanin inda ya fi dacewa don ware jari," in ji shi, "Lynas yana da kyau kuma da gaske gaba."
Ko da yake akwai ƙalubale. Kasar Sin, wacce ke kan gaba wajen samar da kasa da ba kasafai ba, ta kara habaka a 'yan watannin nan, yayin da raguwar bukatun duniya daga masu kera motoci masu amfani da wutar lantarki shi ma ya sa farashin ya yi kasa.
Hakan zai sanya matsin lamba kan layin ƙasa na Lynas kuma ya gwada ƙudirin Amurka na kashe kuɗi don haɓaka hanyoyin daban.
Ita ma masana'antar Malaysia ta kasance wurin da kungiyoyin kare muhalli suka yi ta zanga-zanga akai-akai game da zubar da tarkacen da ba a iya amfani da su ba.
Lynas, wanda hukumar kula da makamashin nukiliya ta kasa da kasa ke marawa baya, ta ce masana'antar da sharar da suke yi suna da inganci.
Har ila yau, kamfanin yana daure da lasisin aiki wanda zai kare a ranar 2 ga Maris, kodayake ana tsammanin tsawaita shi. Amma yuwuwar cewa mafi tsauraran sharuddan lasisi na Malesiya na iya hana masu saka hannun jari na cibiyoyi da yawa.
Da yake bayyana waɗannan damuwar, a ranar Talata, hannun jari na Lynas ya faɗi da kashi 3.2 cikin ɗari bayan da kamfanin ya ce aikace-aikacen ƙara yawan samarwa a masana'antar ya gaza samun amincewa daga Malaysia.
"Za mu ci gaba da kasancewa masu samar da zaɓi ga abokan cinikin da ba na China ba," in ji Lacaze a taron shekara-shekara na kamfanin a watan jiya.
Ƙarin rahoto Liz Lee a Kuala Lumpur, Kevin Buckland a Tokyo da Tom Daly a Beijing; Gyara ta Philip McClellan
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-04-2022