Lanthanide
Lanthanide, lanthanide
Ma'anar: Abubuwan 57 zuwa 71 a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci. Kalmomin gabaɗaya don abubuwa 15 daga lanthanum zuwa lutium. An bayyana kamar Ln. Tsarin lantarki na valence shine 4f0 ~ 145d0 ~ 26s2, na cikin ɓangaren canji na ciki;Lanthanumba tare da 4f electrons kuma an cire su daga tsarin lanthanide.
Ladabi: Chemistry_ Inorganic Chemistry_ Elements da Inorganic Chemistry
Sharuɗɗan da ke da alaƙa: hydrogen soso na nickel-metal hydride baturi
Rukunin abubuwa iri ɗaya 15 tsakanin lanthanum daLutiumA cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci ana kiransa Lanthanide. Lanthanum shine kashi na farko a cikin Lanthanide, mai alamar sinadari La da lambar Atomic 57. Lanthanum mai laushi ne (ana iya yanke shi kai tsaye da wuka), ductile, da farin ƙarfe na azurfa wanda sannu a hankali ya ɓace lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa iska. Ko da yake an rarraba lanthanum a matsayin sinadari na duniya da ba kasafai ba, abun cikin sa a cikin ɓawon burodi yana matsayi na 28, kusan sau uku na gubar. Lanthanum ba shi da guba na musamman ga jikin ɗan adam, amma yana da wasu ayyukan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
Lanthanum mahadi suna da amfani daban-daban kuma ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin masu haɓakawa, abubuwan ƙara gilashin, fitilun carbon arc a cikin fitilun daukar hoto ko injina, abubuwan kunna wuta a cikin fitilun fitilu da fitilu, tubes ray na cathode, scintilators, wayoyin GTAW, da sauran samfuran.
Ɗaya daga cikin kayan da ake amfani da su don batirin baturin nickel-metal hydride anode shine La (Ni3.6Mn0.4Al0.3Co0.7). Saboda tsadar cire sauran Lanthanide, za a maye gurbin lanthanum mai tsabta da gauraye da ƙananan karafa na ƙasa waɗanda ke ɗauke da fiye da kashi 50% na lanthanum. Abubuwan soso na hydrogen sun ƙunshi lanthanum, wanda zai iya adana adadin hydrogen har sau 400 yayin jujjuyawar adsorption da sakin makamashin zafi. Don haka, ana iya amfani da alluran soso na hydrogen a cikin tsarin ceton makamashi.Lanthanum oxidekumaLanthanum hexaborideana amfani dashi azaman kayan cathode mai zafi a cikin bututun injin injin lantarki. Lu'ulu'u na Lanthanum hexaboride babban haske ne kuma tushen fitar da wutar lantarki mai tsayi mai tsayi don microscopes na lantarki da tasirin tasirin Hall.
Ana amfani da Lanthanum trifluoride azaman rufin fitila mai kyalli, gauraye daEuropium (III) fluoride,kuma ana amfani da shi azaman fim ɗin crystal na zaɓaɓɓen lantarki na fluoride ion. Lanthanum trifluoride kuma wani muhimmin bangare ne na gilashin fluoride mai nauyi da ake kira ZBLAN. Yana da kyakkyawar watsawa a cikin kewayon infrared kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin tsarin sadarwar fiber na gani. Cerium dopedLanthanum (III) bromidekumaLanthanum (III) chloridesuna da kaddarorin fitowar haske mai girma, ƙudurin makamashi mafi kyau da amsa mai sauri. Su kayan Scintillator ne na inorganic, waɗanda ake amfani da su don kasuwanci don neutrons da γ A gano don radiation. Gilashin da aka ƙara tare da Lanthanum oxide yana da babban maƙasudin refractive da ƙananan watsawa, kuma yana iya inganta juriya na alkali na gilashin. Ana iya amfani da shi don yin gilashin gani na musamman, kamar gilashin ɗaukar infrared, don kyamarori da ruwan tabarau na telescope. Ƙara ƙaramin lanthanum zuwa ƙarfe na iya inganta juriya da tasirin tasirin sa, yayin da ƙara lanthanum zuwa molybdenum zai iya rage taurinsa da hankali ga canje-canjen zafin jiki. Lanthanum da wasu mahadi daban-daban na sauran abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samun su ba (oxides, chlorides, da dai sauransu) abubuwa ne na abubuwa masu kara kuzari iri-iri, kamar masu kara kuzari.
Lanthanum carbonatean yarda dashi azaman magani. Lokacin da hyperphosphatemia ya faru a cikin gazawar koda, shan Lanthanum carbonate zai iya daidaita phosphate a cikin jini don isa matakin da aka yi niyya. Lanthanum modified bentonite zai iya cire phosphate a cikin ruwa don guje wa Eutrophication na ruwan tafkin. Yawancin samfuran wuraren wanka da aka tsarkake sun ƙunshi ƙaramin adadin lanthanum, wanda kuma shine don cire phosphate da rage haɓakar algae. Kamar Horseradish peroxidase, ana amfani da lanthanum azaman mai gano ma'aunin lantarki a cikin ilimin halitta.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-01-2023